Чʲ绯ԺУijĿ꣬ҲԺУߡѳΪԺУй£ϢҪĸԺУģʽѾΪԺУЧʵĸ;
һ绯ԺУЧʱƶ
“ν绯ԺУЧʣָڱ֤绯ԺУĿȷѧдɹǰ£Ͷ֮ʡ乫ʽΪЧʣ/Ͷ롣”[1]˵ԺУ绯Уͨ绯;һͶõЧ档ԺУһּΪӵЧʵĸҪڲͬĻ£ڲͬĹϱʽͬˣҲֶΪʹԺУЧʵIJⶨѧӦҹԺУʵʳ淶绯ԺУЧϵ
һ绯ԺУ
绯ԺУ绯ԺУ绯ԺУ绯ԺУִй
ԺУĻڡЧžԵá绯ԺУľҪ棺һǷ绯ԺУǷԺУչĿѧԽѧҪŻǷѡŵж봫ͳԺУҪȣ绯ԺУߵǿѧԣעؾߵĶѧģ͵ãɾ;ר;ת䡣
绯ԺУмĹм㹤ҪУϼִеij̶ȣ²Ϣȷͼʱ̶ȣϵͳڲЭһµij̶ȣŹָǷȷЧܷʱЧشͻ¼ȣһּбΪʦķϡʵУʦҪϼĹͨڣˣм价Ҳһֹߡ
绯ԺУִйԺУִвDzԹͬλƶһУ̬ȺûϸĹִг̶ΣɹǷϼƻҪ̶ȵȡ绯£ִйĸǣǷʦҪʦΪĵķϵ
绯ԺУʱЧ
“ʱЧʵҪأⶨЧʸߵͱʱЧ”[2]绯ԺУʱɷΪࣺһijһΪٶȱijһΪʱޱ绯£ڲ˴Ϣʱ̣绯ԺУʱЧڼʱ䣬һӦøıʽӸϽԼʦʱ䡣
绯ԺУЧʵķ
绯ԺУЧʵĸߵһϵصӰ죬Ҫ֯غͷ֯ءǰ߰¡أ߰¡ᡢƼءҪ绯ԺУЧʣͱ绯ԺУص㣬ѰЧʵķ
һУ
УִԺУƵŵһ缼ԺУĿꡣУҪӦץ¼Ĺ
“Уƽ̨棺һУӲ裬γһԺУ칫ԶϵУ衣ԺУӦݵIJɼ롢Ӧá”[3]
绯ԺУҪ˳ԺУ뵳֯ŹĹϵȷԺУְܡְȨޣԺУŲùܡܲҲܲõź֯ڴ˻ϣ绯ԺУϵͳʵϰ칫Ϸ“һͨ”ʦܰԭֻеԺУزܰ顣
绯ԺУҪ½綨ְܲŵְȷȨϵһԣֹšȨ壬Чʡ
绯ԺУҪѧְλԱƣž衢ӷס˸¡ʹ֯ھЧԭʵת
绯ԺУҪȫ֯ļල뱣ϻƣȷԺУĿ˳ʵ֡绯ԺУϵͳʦĹȣϢʹ߸ӸЧѧ
߹ѧִ
ԺУĿѧִָԺУصĸѭ۹ɣտѧķйִĹ˼ͿѧֶΣչѧִĻִǿѧıȻ
绯ԺУĿѧԡΣֱӰ쵽ķٶȣӰ쵽Դ䱸ijɰܡ“ѧִƶѧƻһΧƼȶƻչ”[4]ڹ绯ԺУϵʱͳȫ֣ѭѧԭȷķĿꡢߡҪտѧij߹ˮƽ
Դ
֮˵ĴᷢչҪԴȪȻϵͳܹ˵ĹԹΪǰ˵Ȼ绯ԺУҪǵ⡣绯ȡˣ෴ڼĽҪ߿Ƽ˲ţҪΪп˲Դ
绯ԺУп˲ԴһҪ绯ԺУԱӴظͶнųǽ缼ԱĹˮƽDzϼӴԻعԱѵȣǿɲѧϰȫعԱʣҪ߸쵼ɲۡҵ֪ʶܡ
ģǿƶԼ
绯£ǿԼҪӦ¼Ĺ
1ȷλκ档¶ڣԸڶ˴ͳƤÿһԱЧʺͳɼΣԸݸɵжԺͶڸԱλκȷؽЧʡ
2ƶȻԭ֮ЧΪƶȣγͳһı淶ÿһ˶Щ淶ԼЩ淶£Унֹжһµ
3ΪƻԺУƶΪ棬˶Է¡
绯ԺУЧӦע
һ绯ԺУЧʱΪĹ
绯ԺУЧʣǹʽת䣬ǹѧĸʵ绯ԭɶŻרҵԱɵĹһ˻ɵ“С”ɣԺУԱöжȨ“ԱĹʽǼලƣָ֧֣˷ʽҲɲŹĿˣתΪҵСΪĵļЧˡ”[5]µĹ̶ԱۺʺҪˣԱ߱ڴҵЭͬҵϢɹҪ֪ʶҵˣڹУͻΪĹԱߵԻͶԹ߱ԻȫΪĹˮƽ
绯ԺУЧʱԺУϢͬ
Ϣ绯ԺУЧʵ“”绯ԺУЧֻϢµĻϲܷЧܡ绯ԺУЧʾǽϢԭϢϵ֯졣ϢӦõʹĻøãҪͻԭеһЩĬϺ涨һȫµ֯ṹ빤ʹԺУ֯Ĺģʽͷʱ䣬ҲԺУ֯Ļڡ
绯ԺУЧʱԺУĸͬ
绯ԺУЧʣҪ̵ת漰“ԺУ֯ƶȸĸ֯ĽṹԱԼ֯Ļ졣”[6]˵绯ԺУЧʵ״ʩӦ¼档
1תԺУְܣǽѧеĹΪԭеҵȥ
2֯ͷְܵļɻԷķʽȷԺУҵ̵ķΧ߽硣
3Żҵ̣ҪţٲҪ㼶üҪԱʹ֯ṹƽɻ
4ϳҪĹƶȺͷijԻԱȨ
5粿ŵĹ䱸ǿ쵼ƶҵڲתҵ֮ĹϵԺУĹΪᣬγµĹģʽ
6ͨ֯ĵӻϢ磬ͨάȷϢijͨ밲ȫ
7ԱҪתԷΪĹʶͨѵϢԼѧϰ֯ȫԱۺ֪ʶˮƽϢ
8ͨһֹ¡ͨЭǿҵĺʹСҹʶ֯Ļȷ¹ģʽµԱܹʵֹڻ
ע
[1]С𡣿ѧչ“岽ѧ”[J]۲졷2009745
[2]𡶵йƶȡ[M]ѧϰ20001162
[3]áǿǿӿ췢չЧ[J]ڹ2007758
[4]ܾ象УЧԵĶԲо[J]顷20091261
[5]С˾־ա[M]еҵ20066231
[6]һ֮֯̽[R]о桷2002102